How to recognise and treat common eye diseases

How to recognise and treat common eye diseases

Eye diseases can be very common and often occur gradually, which means that you don’t always notice the symptoms. It’s hugely important for your eye health that you attend regular eye examinations, as looking after your eyes in this way can ensure you receive the right care and treatment. Seeing an optician every 2 years as recommended can ensure any issues are found early.

Eye conditions can affect everyone from children to adults, with some rarer than others.  It’s helpful to understand the different conditions that may affect your eye health and vision. A leading London face and eye clinic discusses what signs to look out for, to recognise potential eye health conditions.

How to recognise if you have glaucoma

Glaucoma is sometimes known as the ‘silent blinding disease’ because it often progresses so gradually that you don’t notice anything until it is too late. It’s the second most common cause of blindness and there is currently no cure. Therefore, early detection of glaucoma is so important as it can help to prevent any permanent visual damage.

There are different types of glaucoma; the most prevalent is chronic open-angle glaucoma. It has a very gradual progression and generally affects your peripheral vision first.

On the other end of the scale, primary angle-closure glaucoma develops much faster with a quicker onset of symptoms. You may experience eye pain, headaches, redness and tenderness, as well as a rapid loss of vision.

You could be at higher risk of developing glaucoma depending on your age, genetics and existing eye conditions like myopia.

How to recognise if you have cataracts

Cataracts are a by-product of the ageing process so is a very common eye condition and usually develops in those who are 65 years or older.

Cataracts occur when the lens gradually becomes cloudy and loses transparency, but it can go unnoticed because of the gradual deterioration. Developing cataracts is mostly down to age, but genetics and lifestyle choices can also have an impact. Exposure to UV light is one of the leading factors of developing cataracts.

Cataracts are usually picked up by your optician during a routine eye examination and once detected they can recommend treatment.

How to recognise if you have AMD

The cause of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is unknown, but it is closely linked to age, hence its name. The macular is a small part of the retina, located at the back of your eye and is important for central vision.

AMD causes the loss of central vision, but not your peripheral vision. It’s painless and gradual and eventually it can make everyday activities very difficult. You can also experience less vibrant colours and visual distortions. Your optometrist can recommend preventative measures and can recognise the signs of AMD early allowing them to advise on management.